Semantic Shifts in the Definition of Modality: A Study of Avicennan Logicians' Perspectives

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research/Original/Reqular Article

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Logic Group, Research Institute of Hikmat and Philosophy of Iran

Abstract

The discussion of “modality” (jihah) and modal propositions constitutes an important part of the study of logical syllogisms. Muslim logicians have introduced “modality” in various ways, which can be categorized into three main approaches: (1) Some have regarded modality solely as a verbal or expressed matter; this view has its roots in the ideas of al-Fārābī and Ibn Sīnā. (2) Others, in addition to its verbal aspect, have also included the “meanings” and “mental apprehension” derived from words as part of the definition of modality; this approach was first employed in the works of Shihāb al-Dīn al-Suhrawardī and Afḍal al-Dīn al-Khūnajī. (3) A third group has emphasized only the “mental” nature of modality; this approach was first found in a work by Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī. This article examines the historical development of these three approaches and analyzes the transformation of the concept of modality in Avicennian logic, while also highlighting some of the logical results and implications of these changes

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Journal for the History of Science

Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript
Available Online from 17 August 2025

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