The Role of Dār al-Funūn in the Social and Political developments in Iran in Qajar era

Document Type : Research/Original/Reqular Article

Author

Assistant Professor of Humanities and Social Sciences at Farhangian University, Karaj, Iran

Abstract

This article deals with the social and political effects of the Dar al-Funun school in Iran during the Qajar period. Most of the research and analyses that have been done about the Dar al-Funun school have dealt with how this school was formed. But this article deals with the social and political consequences of Dar al-Funun school in Iran. The period under investigation is the Qajar period (especially the Naseri period (1226-1247). The method of data collection in this research is the documentary method and the analysis method is the historical analysis method. This article, by examining historical documents, shows that the Dar al-Funun school had three basic consequences on Iran’s political and social system: 1- Dar al-Funun school changed the way of assigning political roles in the Qajar government. Before the establishment of Dar al-Funun, political roles were delegated based on kinship and family affiliations, but with the establishment of Dar al-Funun, the condition for acquiring government positions was to study at Dar al-Funun and acquire the competencies and skills necessary for government jobs. 2- The graduates of Dar al-Funun school provided the expert forces needed by the Qajar government and played an important role in the establishment of some new political and social institutions in Iran. Also, Dar al-Funun graduates succeeded in creating new technologies and using them in the Qajar government. 3- The teaching of Dar al-Funun curriculum spread new knowledge and concepts in the Qajar government and Iranian society. The spread of this new knowledge and concepts changed common beliefs and attitudes towards nature, society, and politics. The educational activities of Dar al-Funun school have had deep and lasting political and social effects. The achievements of this school in the development and expansion of new sciences and techniques provided objective and subjective grounds for some social and political developments in the Iranian government and society. The historical review of the consequences of Dar al-Funun school shows that any scientific and educational policy can bring certain social and political consequences.

Keywords

References

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