در بارۀ دو رویکرد اساسی در تاریخ‌نگاری ریاضیات

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

پژوهشکده تاریخ علم دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

تاریخ‌نگاری ریاضیات در سال‌های اخیر متحول شده است و رویکرد پیشین که منجر به نگارش کتاب‌های تأثیرگذاری در تاریخ ریاضی بود از اعتبارش کاسته شده است. نسل جدید مورخان ریاضیات یا حداقل گروهی از آنها دیگر آن رویکرد را مناسب نمی‌دانند. نگاه تازه به تاریخ ریاضی کاملاً متفاوت با رویکرد کلاسیک است و به واقعیات تاریخی، که در روش کلاسیک به آن توجه نمی‌شد، اهمیت می‌دهد. تفاوت میان این دو رویکرد که مبتنی بر مفروضات شناخت‌شناسانۀ متفاوت است به دو گونه تاریخ‌نگاری کاملاً مجزا منجر می‌شود. این شرایط باعث می‌شود که این دو نوع تاریخ‌نگاری در مقابل هم قرار بگیرند. در این مقاله می‌کوشیم تا هر یکی از این رویکردها، خصوصیات، مفروضات، نتایج و ریشه‌های آنها را معرفی کنیم و سرانجام رویکرد دیگری پیشنهاد کنیم که از تقابل میان این دو نوع تاریخ‌نگاری می‌کاهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

On the Two Major Approaches in Historiography of Mathematics

نویسنده [English]

  • Hassan Amini
Institute for History of Science University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

The Historiography of Mathematics has undergone a radical change in recent years, and the previous approach, which already has led to the writing of influential books in History of Mathematics is no longer considered as appropriate by a new generation of historians of mathematics, or at least some of them. The new perspective on History of Mathematics is completely different from the previous point of view, and considers as important historical facts which, in the eye of old historians, seemed to be inessential. The difference between these two views, which is based on different epistemological assumptions, leads to two completely distinct positions in Historiography of Mathematics. This situation sets the two traditions against each other. In this article, each one of these two different tradition, their features, assumptions, and results will be introduced, then the roots of the opposition between them will be discussed, and finally I will try to introduce a new approach in Historiography of Mathematics that tends to reduce the tension between them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geometric algebra
  • Historiography of science
  • History of mathematics
  • historiography of mathematics
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